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Total Elbow Replacement SMT

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis  Lumbar Spinal Stenosis caused by narrowing of the spinal canal. Lumbar Spine The lumbar spine is made up of five vertebral bodies in the lower back, where the spine curves inward toward the abdomen. It starts about five or six inches below the shoulder blades, and connects with the thoracic spine at the top and extends downward to the sacral spine. These nerves transmit sensations from the buttocks and lower extremities through the spinal cord to the brain and transmit motor signals from the brain to the lower extremities to produce movement of the legs, toes, and joints of the lower extremities. Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Lumbar spinal stenosis is a condition caused by narrowing of the spinal canal. This narrowing occurs when the growth of bone or tissue or both reduces the size of the openings in the spinal bones. This narrowing can squeeze and irritate the nerves that branch out from the spinal cord. Causes Back injuries-  Ca...

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Reverse Shoulder Arthoplasty is a surgical procedure which is done to the patient with shoulder problem. Shoulder The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle, the scapula, and the humerus as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. Shoulder Arthritis Shoulder arthritis is damage to the cartilage inside the shoulder joint. The shoulder has two joints. Shoulder arthritis commonly refers to the bigger ball-and-socket joint named the glenohumeral joint after the bones it connects (glenoid and humerus). The cartilage covers both the ball (the humeral head) and the socket (the glenoid). Causes Complex Fracture of the shoulder joint Tumor of the shoulder joint Chronic shoulder dislocation Unsuccessful shoulder replacement Symptoms/Signs Pain in shoulder Numbness in hand Diagnosis MRI Scan CT Scan X-Ray Surgery Surgery is ...

Spine Surgery Spine surgery is a procedure done to the patient having problem with lower spine. Spinal Cord The spinal cord is a collection of nerves that travels from the bottom of the brain down your back. There are 31 pairs of nerves that leave the spinal cord and go to your arms, legs, chest and abdomen. These nerves allow your brain to give commands to your muscles and cause movements of your arms and legs. Spinal Cord Injury The spinal cord is very sensitive to injury. Unlike other parts of your body, the spinal cord does not have the ability to repair itself if it is damaged. A spinal cord injury occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord either from trauma, loss of its normal blood supply, or compression from tumor or infection. Types of Injuries Complete: - If almost all feeling (sensory) and all ability to control movement (motor function) are lost below the spinal cord injury. Incomplete: - If you have some motor or sensory function below the affecte...

Total Hip Replacement Total Hip Replacement is a surgical procedure which is done to replace one hip joint completely sometimes both joints. Hip Arthritis(HA) or Total Hip Replacement(THR) Surgery. Total hip replacement (THR) - also called a Hip Arthroplasty- is a surgical procedure that re-forms the hip joint. In THR, the head of the femur (the bone that extends from the hip to the knee) is removed along with the surface layer of the socket in the pelvis (the two large bones that rest on the lower limbs and support the spinal column). FUNCTIONING OF HIP JOINT The hip is a ball-and-socket joint comprised of the following structures: Head of the femur Acetabulum of the pelvis Ligaments of the hip joint The head of the femur or "ball" of the hip joint articulates or moves within the cup-like "socket" called the acetabulum of the pelvic bone. Together, these structures are referred to as a "ball and socket" joint. The femoral head and aceta...

Total Knee Replacement Total Knee Replacement(TKR) or Total Knee Arthritis(TKA) is a surgical procedure done to replace a knee or both. This is done to the patient with severe pain in knees due to damage. Knee The Knee is the largest joint in the body. Normal knee function is very important to perform day today activities. Knee is made up of the lower end of thigh bones (femur) which rotates on the upper end of the shin bone (tibia) and the knee cap which slides in a groove on the end of the femur. The Joint surface is covered with a smooth substance that cushions the bones and enables them to move easily. All remaining surfaces of the knee are covered by a thin, smooth tissue liner .This is membrane releases a special fluid that lubricates the knee, reducing friction to nearly zero in a healthy knee. Normally, all of this mechanism works in harmony. But disease or injury can create disorder in this harmony, resulting in pain, muscle weakness, and reduced function. FUNCT...

Tetrlogy of Fallot Tetralogy of Fallot This  is a rare, complex congenital heart defect . A congenital heart defect is a problem with  the heart's structure that's present at birth. This involves four heart defects: A large ventricular septal defect  (VSD) Pulmonary stenosis Right ventricular hypertrophy An overriding aorta Tetralogy of Fallot Symptoms/Signs With tetralogy of Fallot, not enough blood is able to reach the lungs to get oxygen, and oxygen-poor blood flows to the body. Doctors often don't know what causes tetralogy of Fallot. Some conditions or factors that occur during pregnancy may raise your risk of having a child who has tetralogy of Fallot. Heredity and some genetic disorders also may play a role in causing the condition. Cyanosis is an important sign of tetralogy of Fallot. Cyanosis is a bluish tint to the skin, lips, and fingernails. Low oxygen levels in the blood cause cyanosis. Other signs and symptoms include a heart murmur, d...

Angioplasty Angioplasty restores the blood flow through the arteries or veins. Arteries An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body. Almost all arteries carry blood with a lot of oxygen in it. Veins A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood to heart from other parts of the body. Almost all veins carry deoxygenated blood in it. Angioplasty restores the blood flow through the arteries or veins. It is to treat Atheroscelerosis (plaque in artery). In this, a thin tube inserted through a blood vessel in the arm or groin up to the involved site in the artery. The tube has a tiny deflated balloon on the end. This balloon is inflated at the site. This inflation-deflation can be done numerous times. This is done to spread the plaque so making way to blood flow. Stent is placed sometimes for better resutls. Atheroscelerosis It is a condition in which arteries or veins become narrowed and hardened due to a buildup...

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting(CABG) The Human Heart This is a four-chambered muscular organ, shaped and sized roughly like a man's closed fist with two-thirds of the mass to the left of midline. The heart is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the chest. This pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as assisting in the removal of metabolic wastes. Coronary Heart Disease & Symptoms Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a narrowing of the blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. The most common symptom of coronary artery disease is angina, or chest pain. Angina can be described as a discomfort, heaviness, pressure, aching, burning, fullness, squeezing, or painful feeling in your chest. It can be mistaken for indigestion or heartburn. Angina may also be felt in the shoulders, arms, neck, throat, jaw, or back. Some other symptoms of coronary artery disea...

Lung Cancer The Lungs The lungs are the part of human respiratory system. They   absorb oxygen from the air and bring the oxygen into the bloodstream for delivery to the rest of the body. As the body's cells use oxygen, they release carbon dioxide. The bloodstream carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs, and the carbon dioxide leaves the body when a person exhales. The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax).  The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic.  Lung Cancer Lung cancer begins when cells in the lung change and grow uncontrollably to form a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be noncancerous or cancerous. A cancerous tumor is a collection of a large number of cancer cells that have the ability to spread to other parts of the body in...